Design and Analysis of Hybrid Energy Storage in PV Systems to Handle Irradiance Fluctuations

Raisah Anni Ritonga; Faiz Husnayain

doi:10.62146/ijecbe.v3i4.164

Authors

Raisah Anni Ritonga Universitas Indonesia
Faiz Husnayain Universitas Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62146/ijecbe.v3i4.164

Keywords:

Photovoltaic (PV), Battery, Supercapacitor, Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS)

Abstract

The increasing global energy demand has driven the development of clean and sustainable energy systems. One of the most promising renewable energy sources is solar power, which utilizes photovoltaic (PV) cells. However, the PV systems' output is inherently intermittent, as it depends on the varying intensity of solar irradiance. When the power generated by the PV exceeds the load demand, the surplus is stored in an energy storage system to maintain power stability. Conversely, when the PV output is insufficient, the energy shortfall is supplied by the storage system.
Batteries are commonly used for this purpose, but they have limitations in terms of response time and power density, making them less effective in responding to sudden changes in irradiance and load. To address this, supercapacitors are introduced due to their ability to respond rapidly to fluctuations in solar irradiance. However, supercapacitors have low energy density, making them unsuitable for long-term energy storage. Therefore, this study proposes a hybridization approach that combines batteries and supercapacitors, along with the design of a power-sharing control strategy to enable both components to operate optimally.
Simulation results demonstrate that the supercapacitor effectively responds to sudden load changes. The hybrid energy storage system (HESS) is shown to maintain system stability under varying irradiance and load conditions. Furthermore, the results confirm that the supercapacitor responds more rapidly than the battery. Over the simulation period from January to December, the battery's state of charge (SOC) profile corresponds to the amount of energy it supplies or absorbs throughout the system.

Author Biographies

Raisah Anni Ritonga, Universitas Indonesia

Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia

Faiz Husnayain, Universitas Indonesia

Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia Research Center for Advanced Vehicles (RCAVe), Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia

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